Formation of haemorrhoids

Haemorrhoids are dilated or inflamed nodules of veins in the rectum and anus.
Haemorrhoids can affect anyone, but are most common in people with sedentary lifestyles and women during pregnancy.

Haemorrhoids are caused by a slowing of blood flow in the rectal and pelvic veins.
Overweight, smoking, chronic constipation and regular heavy lifting also contribute to their development.

Symptoms of haemorrhoids

Haemorrhoids can be indicated by the following symptoms:

• bloody rectal discharge,
• bleeding in the anal area,
• prolonged pain, irritation, itching or discomfort in the anal area, which may be aggravated by prolonged sitting,
• swelling or pinching around the anus,
• abdominal disorders, including prolonged constipation or liquid flatulence,
• incontinence and spotting.

Treatment of haemorrhoids

The development of haemorrhoids can vary, so the most appropriate treatment method for individual haemorrhoids is determined by the proctologist.
The treatment method most often chosen depends on the size of the haemorrhoids:

• Grade 1 or minor haemorrhoids can be treated in their early stages with what is known as conservative treatment – changing dietary habits and taking medication.
• 2. to 4.
  Grade 2, or moderate to severe cases, are treated with minimally invasive or sparing surgery.
  During this procedure, blood vessels are tied off by laser surgery or radiofrequency, thus cutting off blood access to the haemorrhoidal nodes.
• In rare cases, complete excision of haemorrhoidal nodes may be necessary.

Haemorrhoid surgery

Baltic Surgical Centre proctologists perform hemorrhoid treatment surgery with modern and minimally invasive techniques, significantly increasing comfort during and after surgery.
The treatment is quick, effective and virtually painless, and there is a short recovery period after surgery.

Most often, haemorrhoid surgery is performed under spinal anaesthesia, during which the pelvis and legs are numbed.
General anaesthesia can also be used.
You will be under the constant supervision of an anaesthetist throughout the operation.

Laser surgery for haemorrhoids

During surgery, haemorrhoidal nodules are removed by closing the blood vessels that give them access to blood with a laser.
Laser surgery is painless and minimally invasive, and does not traumatize the lining of the anal area or other anatomical structures.

Duration: 30 to 90 minutes.Post-operative period: A short and mild recovery period, during which there may be slight discomfort for 3-4 days.
It is usually possible to go home a few hours after surgery.

RAFAELO radiofrequency treatment of haemorrhoids

RAFAELO (Radio Frequency Treatment of Haemorrhoids Under Local Anaesthesia) During the procedure, the internal haemorrhoidal nodes are removed by injecting a pulse of high-frequency electromagnetic radiation into them with a small needle.
The pulse is localised and the procedure is minimally invasive, precise and safe.

Duration: Up to 20 minutes.Post-operative period: A short and mild recovery period, during which there may be slight discomfort for 3-4 days.
It is usually possible to go home a few hours after surgery.

THD or HAL-RAR operation

THD or transanal haemorrhoid dearterisation and HAL-RAR, which combines haemorrhoidal artery ligation (Haemorrhoidal Artery Ligation) and recto-anal treatment (Recto Anal Repair) are minimally invasive and virtually painless treatments for haemorrhoids.
These operations do not cut tissue or create open wounds.
Instead, internal stitches are placed in the lining of the rectum, where there are no pain receptors, to cut off blood access to the haemorrhoidal nodules, thus eliminating them.

Duration: Up to 20 minutes.Post-operative period: A short and mild recovery period, during which there may be slight discomfort for 3-4 days.
It is usually possible to go home a few hours after surgery.

STARR operation

STARR (Stapled Transanal Rectal Resection) is a minimally invasive surgery that removes excess rectal mucosa that interferes with full bowel function.
No external incisions or stitches are made during the operation.
Instead, the mucosa is fixed with special surgical staples.

Duration: Up to 20 minutes.

Post-operative period: A short and mild recovery period, during which there may be slight discomfort for 3-4 days.
It is usually possible to go home a few hours after surgery.

Internal haemorrhoid surgery (Longo)

During Longo surgery, the blood vessels that give blood access to the haemorrhoidal nodules are treated with special staples to remove them.
Longo surgery is most commonly performed
3. and
Stage 4 haemorrhoids and in cases of mucosal prolapse or prolapse, as the excess mucosa is cut away during the operation.

Duration30 to 90 minutes.Post-operative period: It is usually possible to go home a few hours after the operation.
The recovery period is individual, but significantly faster compared to traditional surgical haemorrhoid removal.

Surgery for external haemorrhoidal knots

The operation involves surgical removal of the external haemorrhoidal nodes.Duration: 30 to 90 minutes.Post-operative period: You may be advised to stay in hospital overnight after surgery.
Your doctor will tell you about the expected recovery period, as this is individual and depends on the extent of the operation.

Internal and external haemorrhoidal knot surgery

The surgery treats both internal and external haemorrhoids using a variety of surgical techniques.

Duration: 30 to 90 minutes.Post-operative period: overnight hospital stay after surgery may be recommended. The recovery period is individual and depends on the extent of the surgery.

How to prepare for haemorrhoid surgery?

When you book an appointment, your doctor will tell you how to prepare and answer all your questions. Before surgery, you may need to consult an anaesthetist and have several tests, such as blood tests, a lung X-ray and an electrocardiogram. The specific tests will be prescribed by our surgeon during your consultation.

Spicy, heavy and hard-to-digest food should be avoided a few days before surgery.
If surgery is planned for the morning, breakfast, a light lunch and lunch may be eaten the day before.
If the operation is planned for the afternoon, a light dinner may be eaten the evening before.
Fluids may be consumed in unlimited quantities the day before.

If the surgery is scheduled for the first half of the day, you must arrive at the hospital on an empty stomach and not drink any fluids.
If in the afternoon, a light breakfast and some fluids are allowed in the morning.

On the evening before the day of the planned surgery, you should have three consecutive microclysts, one or two hours apart.
They can be bought from a pharmacy together with precise instructions for use.