A urologist specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the urinary tract in both women and men. It is recommended to see a urologist if you experience symptoms related to urinary problems or discomfort in the urinary tract.

The most common symptoms that require a consultation with a urologist:

• uncontrolled urine leakage;
• a sudden and urgent urge to urinate;
• frequent urination, especially at night;
• pain or a burning sensation during urination;
• difficulty starting to urinate or a weak urine stream;
• pink, red, or brown urine (may contain traces of blood);
• recurrent urinary tract infections.

Men should also see a urologist in the following cases:

• pain during sexual intercourse;
• a burning sensation in the genital area;
• discharge from the genitalia;
• pain, redness, or swelling in the testicles;
• erectile dysfunction or impotence;
• suspected male infertility.

A urologist also specializes in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases of the male reproductive system.

During a consultation with a urologist, the doctor first asks the patient about their symptoms, medical history, previous tests, and medications they are taking.

Based on the patient’s symptoms, the urologist performs a physical examination, which may include visual inspection or palpation of the abdomen, kidneys, and genitals.

If further clarification of the diagnosis is needed, the doctor may order additional tests, such as:

• urine or blood tests;
• ultrasound;
• other diagnostic tests.

After the examination, the urologist explains the diagnosis and recommends a treatment plan, which may include medication, lifestyle recommendations, or, if necessary, surgery.

• enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia)
• prostate cancer
• kidney stones
• urinary tract infections
• urinary incontinence
• erectile dysfunction